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Switzerland tax

Tax residence: At least 30 days in stay in Switzerland, temporary interruptions disregarded. Special regime for new residents: Lump-sum taxation by expenditure.

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Special regime

Lump-sum taxation by expenditure (Aufwandbesteuerung)

Tax relief

Foreign-source income: Lump-sum (expenditure-based)
Details
  • Who: Not a Swiss citizen
  • Limit: CHF 435k/yr ≈ $522k

Foreign nationals who take unlimited Swiss tax liability for the first time or after at least ten years away, and who do not work in Switzerland, may be taxed on their annual living costs instead of on income, with a federal minimum base of CHF 435,000 (≈ $522,000) from 1 January 2026; foreign-source income is not assessed separately except where treaty relief is claimed. 1 2 3

Taxed on

Annual living costs in Switzerland and abroad of the taxpayer and dependants, but at least the highest of CHF 435,000 (≈ $522,000) (federal, 2026), seven times annual rent or rental value for those with their own household, three times annual board and lodging for others, or the total of gross Swiss-source income items and income for which treaty relief from foreign tax is claimed; the ordinary tariff (Art. 36) is applied to that base.

Who it applies to

  • Not a Swiss citizen.
  • First time subject to unlimited tax liability, or after an interruption of at least ten years.
  • No gainful activity in Switzerland; for spouses living together both must meet the conditions.

Exclusions

  • Right ends on acquiring Swiss citizenship or taking up work in Switzerland.
  • Zurich, Schaffhausen, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Basel-Landschaft and Basel-Stadt have abolished the regime (EFD page).
  • Cantons set their own minimum bases and wealth-tax bases; the Obwalden act sets the higher of CHF 400,000 (≈ $480,000) and 7 times annual rent.

Limits

  • CHF 435,000 a year (≈ $522,000) · Federal minimum tax base from 1 January 2026 (DBG Art. 14(3)(a), indexed by Federal Department of Finance ordinance of 10 September 2025)
  • CHF 400,000 a year (≈ $480,000) · Minimum assessment base in the Obwalden cantonal act (Art. 16a StG); cantonal minimums vary

Tax residence

Swiss tax domicile is required; the Fedlex text sets no day-count test for this regime.

Visas

Usually combined with a residence permit without gainful activity (for example the financially independent or retiree permit).

Other taxes

Cantonal and municipal rules, and the wealth tax base (at least ten times the income base in Obwalden), vary by canton.

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Standard rules

Swiss income tax: federal scale for 2026 plus cantonal and communal taxes

Worldwide income

Details
  • On: Worldwide taxable income of persons with Swiss tax residence
  • Who: Persons with tax domicile in Switzerland
  • Limit: CHF 15k/yr ≈ $18k

Residents are taxed on worldwide income at the federal direct tax scale of 0% up to CHF 15,200 (≈ $18,200) (single) rising to 11.5% above CHF 794,000, (≈ $952,000) and cantons and municipalities add their own income and wealth taxes, so the total burden depends on the place of residence. 3 4 5

Taxed on

Worldwide taxable income of persons with Swiss tax residence (unlimited liability), excluding foreign businesses, foreign permanent establishments and foreign real estate; federal tax on single persons uses the Article 36(1) scale, married couples living together use the Article 36(2) scale. Non-residents are taxed only on Swiss-source items such as Swiss business, permanent establishment and real estate income.

Who it applies to

  • Persons with tax domicile in Switzerland (intention to stay permanently) are taxable on worldwide income.
  • Persons staying in Switzerland without domicile are taxable if they stay at least 30 days and work, or at least 90 days without working.
  • Foreign nationals without a settlement (C) permit who are resident and employed pay tax on employment income by withholding at source.

Exclusions

  • Businesses, permanent establishments and real estate located abroad are outside the federal tax base.
  • Persons whose only Swiss link is attending a school or being treated in a sanatorium do not acquire tax residence by that stay.
  • Federal tax amounts below CHF 25 (≈ $30) are not collected.

Limits

  • CHF 15,200 a year (≈ $18,200) · Single persons: federal tax is 0 up to this income, then 0.77 per CHF 100 (≈ $120) of further income (2026 scale).
  • CHF 794,000 a year (≈ $952,000) · Single persons: federal tax above this income is CHF 91,310 (≈ $109,000) plus 11.5 per CHF 100 (≈ $120) of further income (top rate 11.5%).
  • CHF 29,700 a year (≈ $35,600) · Married couples living together: federal tax is 0 up to this income, then 1.00 per CHF 100 (≈ $120) of further income (2026 scale).
  • CHF 941,400 a year (≈ $1,130,000) · Married couples living together: federal tax above this income is CHF 108,261 (≈ $130,000) plus 11.5 per CHF 100 (≈ $120) of further income (top rate 11.5%).

Days in the country

  • At least 30 days in stay in Switzerland, temporary interruptions disregarded · Tax residence by stay applies from 30 days when the person works in Switzerland (DBG Art. 3(3)(a)).
  • At least 90 days in stay in Switzerland, temporary interruptions disregarded · Tax residence by stay applies from 90 days when the person does not work in Switzerland (DBG Art. 3(3)(b)).

Tax residence

Tax domicile exists where a person lives with the intention of staying permanently; a stay of 30 days with work or 90 days without work also creates unlimited tax liability. Cantonal law applies equivalent tests for cantonal and communal taxes.

Visas

Tax residence follows domicile and stay, not the type of permit; the lump-sum regime for foreign nationals is a separate option listed under Swiss special regimes.

Other taxes

Cantons and municipalities levy their own income tax with a canton-specific scale and multiplier, plus church taxes in most cantons. The federal government levies no wealth tax (abolished 1959); cantons and municipalities levy a wealth tax on net assets as a complement to the income tax. Source tax on employment income of foreign nationals without a C permit is set by canton. VAT and social insurance contributions are separate federal charges.

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When do you become a tax resident in Switzerland?

At least 30 days in stay in Switzerland, temporary interruptions disregarded (Tax residence by stay applies from 30 days when the person works in Switzerland (DBG Art); At least 90 days in stay in Switzerland, temporary interruptions disregarded (Tax residence by stay applies from 90 days when the person does not work in Switzerland (DBG Art). Tax domicile exists where a person lives with the intention of staying permanently; a stay of 30 days with work or 90 days without work also creates unlimited tax liability.

Who qualifies for Lump-sum taxation by expenditure?

Not a Swiss citizen. Usually combined with a residence permit without gainful activity (for example the financially independent or retiree permit).

≈ USD figures are approximate: daily reference rates from ExchangeRate-API, dated 12 Oct 2026, refreshed when the site is updated.

Sources (5)

Official sources

  1. Besteuerung nach dem Aufwand (lump-sum taxation) · Federal Department of Finance (efd.admin.ch) · checked 2026-10-10
  2. Kantonsblatt Obwalden – natural persons, taxation by expenditure (Art. 16a StG) · Federal Tax Administration documentation (estv2.admin.ch) · checked 2026-10-10
  3. Federal Act on Direct Federal Tax (DBG, SR 642.11) in force 1 January 2026: Articles 3, 6, 14, 36 and 83 · Swiss Confederation (Fedlex) · checked 2026-10-10 · published 2026-01-01
  4. Tax rate and tax multiplier (Steuersatz und Steuerfuss), status of legislation 1 January 2026 · Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) · checked 2026-10-10 · published 2026-01-01
  5. Wealth tax of natural persons (Vermoegenssteuer natuerlicher Personen), status of legislation 1 January 2026 · Federal Tax Administration (ESTV) · checked 2026-10-10 · published 2026-01-01