Brazil
Brazil Free movement by treaty
Brazil-Uruguay agreement on permanent residence (Uruguayan nationals)
First checked against official sources on Change log
Key facts
Free movement by treaty is a long-stay route for Brazil. Checked 2026-10-10 against the official source.
Why this route may not fit
Check this before you apply.
- Only for passports from Uruguay
What you'll need
Who can apply1
- The applicant is a Uruguayan national.
Documents3
- A valid passport, identity card, border document or nationality certificate issued by the consulate.
- A certificate or sworn declaration of no criminal record in the origin country and places lived in over the last 5 years.
- A sworn declaration of no international criminal or police record.
Steps2
- Apply to the Federal Police or the National Justice Secretariat in Brazil, or for a permanent visa at a Brazilian consulate.
- The procedure up to the grant of the visa or residence is free of charge, and no translation or legalisation is needed.
After you arrive1
- No prior period of temporary residence is required; the residence granted is permanent.
When you become tax resident
How Brazil decides tax residence and treats foreign-source income, from its tax records.
- Tax residence
- At least 184 days in a up to 12 months, temporary visa holdersPresence in Brazil, continuous or not, makes a temporary-visa holder a resident on the day the 184th day is completed
- Foreign-source income
Brazilian tax residents are taxed on worldwide income at progressive rates up to 27.5%, with foreign-source income reported through Carnê-Leão; since 1 January 2026 a reduction cancels the tax on taxable monthly income up to R$5,000.
All tax rules for Brazil Tax records checked
What you need to arrange
- Certified translation
The procedure up to the grant of the visa or residence is free of charge, and no translation or legalisation is needed
- Police certificate and civil documents
A certificate or sworn declaration of no criminal record in the origin country and places lived in over the last 5 years
Taken from this route's requirements above. The authority's own list is the one that counts.
Full official text
Uruguayan nationals can be granted permanent residence in Brazil directly, without a prior temporary residence and free of charge, under the 2013 Brazil-Uruguay agreement. 1 2
Requirements
- The applicant is a Uruguayan national. 1
- A valid passport, identity card, border document or nationality certificate issued by the consulate. 1
- A certificate or sworn declaration of no criminal record in the origin country and places lived in over the last 5 years. 1
- A sworn declaration of no international criminal or police record. 1
- Apply to the Federal Police or the National Justice Secretariat in Brazil, or for a permanent visa at a Brazilian consulate. 1
- The procedure up to the grant of the visa or residence is free of charge, and no translation or legalisation is needed. 1
- No prior period of temporary residence is required; the residence granted is permanent. 1
Stay
- Permanent residence with no time limit.
Nationality
Uruguayan nationals. Open to: Uruguay.
Work
Holders can carry out any activity on the same terms as Brazilian nationals.
Official sources
- Decreto 9.089/2017 - Acordo Brasil-Uruguai sobre Residência Permanente · Presidência da República, Brasil · checked 2026-10-10
- Dúvidas Frequentes (FAQ) - Migração · Polícia Federal, Brasil · checked 2026-10-10
Free movement by treaty and its alternatives
| Route | Money needed | Stay | Work |
|---|---|---|---|
| Free movement by treaty | – | – | – |
| Mercosur residence | – | 2 yr | Yes |
| Visa-free stay Mexico | – | 6 mo | No |
| Andean free movement Colombia | – | 2 yr | Yes |
| Mercosur residence Argentina | – | 2 yr, renewable | Yes |
Questions people ask
How long can I stay on the Free movement by treaty?
Permanent residence with no time limit.
Can I work on the Free movement by treaty?
Holders can carry out any activity on the same terms as Brazilian nationals.
Who can apply for the Free movement by treaty?
Uruguayan nationals. Open to: Uruguay.
How are Free movement by treaty holders taxed in Brazil?
No special regime in our records is tied to the Free movement by treaty. The standard rules apply: Brazilian tax residents are taxed on worldwide income at progressive rates up to 27.5%, with foreign-source income reported through Carnê-Leão; since 1 January 2026 a reduction cancels the tax on taxable monthly income up to R$5,000. Under Lei 15.270 of 26 November 2025 the minimum tax on total income above R$600,000 applies to income received in calendar year 2026, assessed in the annual return filed in 2027 (exercício 2027).
Similar visas elsewhere
≈ USD figures are approximate: daily reference rates from ExchangeRate-API, dated 12 Oct 2026, refreshed when the site is updated.
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How this was checked
Checked on 2026-10-10 against 2 official sources. Status: verified against the official sources.
Every figure on this page comes from the official source it links to. The record was researched against these sources, then reviewed separately, with special attention to effective dates and amendments. Where a source does not state something, the page leaves it out.
- Decreto 9.089/2017 - Acordo Brasil-Uruguai sobre Residência Permanente · Presidência da República, Brasil · checked 2026-10-10
- Dúvidas Frequentes (FAQ) - Migração · Polícia Federal, Brasil · checked 2026-10-10
Tracked since 2026-10-11. Rule changes and corrections are listed on the changes page, and the methodology page explains how facts are checked. Found something out of date? Email contact@stayglobe.app with a link to the official source.