Head to head
Portugal D7 passive income visa vs Spain Non-lucrative visa
Two retirement and savings routes side by side: money, stay, family, fees and tax, from the official sources. The official authority decides every application.
Key differences
- MoneyPortugal D7 passive income visa asks for income of €920+ a month ≈ $1,030; Spain Non-lucrative visa for income of €2,400+ a month ≈ $2,680.
- First stayThe first stay is 2 yrs on Portugal D7 passive income visa and 1 yr on Spain Non-lucrative visa.
- RenewalRenewable on both.
- Permanent residenceAfter 5 years of residence on both.
- CitizenshipAfter 10 years of residence on both.
- FamilyPortugal D7 passive income visa: spouse can work. Spain Non-lucrative visa: spouse can't work.
- Government feesThe first government fee listed is €114 ≈ $130 for Portugal D7 passive income visa and €90 ≈ $100 for Spain Non-lucrative visa; the table lists every fee.
- Tax residencePortugal: more than 183 days (any 12-month period starting or ending in the tax year). Spain: more than 183 days (calendar year).
Side by side
Portugal D7 passive income visa | Spain Non-lucrative visa | |
|---|---|---|
| Country | 1D7 passive income visa | 2Non-lucrative visa |
| Type | 1D7 passive income visa Retire or live on savings | 2Non-lucrative visa Retire or live on savings |
| Money needed | 1D7 passive income visa Needs income of €920+ a month ≈ $1,030 | 2Non-lucrative visa Needs income of €2,400+ a month ≈ $2,680 |
| First stay | 1D7 passive income visa 2 yrs | 2Non-lucrative visa 1 yr |
| Renewal | 1D7 passive income visa Renewable DetailsValid two years from issue, then renewable in successive three-year periods while subsistence, housing and tax and social-security conditions are still met. File renewal at least 30 days before expiry. | 2Non-lucrative visa Renewable DetailsThe initial authorization lasts one year; renewals last two years and must be requested in the two months before expiry. Boletín Oficial del EstadoMinistry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration |
| Spouse can work | 1D7 passive income visa Can work | 2Non-lucrative visa Can't work |
| Work | 1D7 passive income visa | 2Non-lucrative visa No DetailsNo work or professional activity in Spain; the authorization is for living on your own means. |
| Government fees | 1D7 passive income visa €114 ≈ $130 · €110 ≈ $120 Details
| 2Non-lucrative visa €90 ≈ $100 · $13 Details
|
| Permanent residence | 1D7 passive income visa After 5 years of residence DetailsPermanent residence needs five years on a temporary residence authorization, no serious recent conviction, means of subsistence, housing and basic Portuguese. | 2Non-lucrative visa After 5 years of residence DetailsLong-term residence needs five years of continuous legal residence; absences of up to 6 consecutive months (10 in total, or 18 for work) do not break continuity. |
| Citizenship | 1D7 passive income visa After 10 years of residence DetailsNaturalisation needs 10 years of legal residence on any residence title or visa (7 years for nationals of Portuguese-speaking countries and EU states), plus Portuguese language and culture, and means of subsistence. | 2Non-lucrative visa After 10 years of residence DetailsNationality needs 10 years of legal, continuous residence immediately before applying (2 years for nationals of Ibero-American countries, Andorra, the Philippines, Equatorial Guinea and Portugal), plus good conduct and integration. |
| Processing | 1D7 passive income visa Up to 60 days DetailsThe consulate must decide a residence visa within 60 days; after arrival AIMA must decide the residence permit within 90 days, extendable by 30 in exceptional cases. | 2Non-lucrative visa Official timeline DetailsThe authority must decide within one month of receiving the consulate's communication (silence means refusal); renewals within three months (silence means approval). Boletín Oficial del EstadoMinistry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration |
| Where to apply | 1D7 passive income visa From abroad DetailsApply for the residence visa at the Portuguese consulate, then book an AIMA appointment after entry for the residence authorization. | 2Non-lucrative visa From abroad DetailsApply at the Spanish consulate; the visa request includes the residence authorization request. Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and MigrationBoletín Oficial del Estado |
| Employer needed | 1D7 passive income visa No | 2Non-lucrative visa No |
| Tax residence test | 1D7 passive income visa More than 183 days (any 12-month period starting or ending in the tax year) | 2Non-lucrative visa More than 183 days (calendar year) |
| Foreign-source income | 1D7 passive income visa Resident individuals are taxed on worldwide income, including foreign-source income, at progressive rates from 12.5% up to 48% on the 2026 brackets set by the 2026 State Budget (Lei 73-A/2025: first bracket up to EUR 8,342, (≈ $9,320) top rate above EUR 86,634 (≈ $96,800)), plus an additional solidarity rate of 2.5% on taxable income above EUR 80,000 (≈ $89,400) and 5% above EUR 250,000 (≈ $279,000); non-residents are taxed on Portuguese-source income. | 2Non-lucrative visa Residents are taxed on worldwide income, including foreign-source income. |
| Official source | 1D7 passive income visa | 2Non-lucrative visa |
| Checked against official sources | 1D7 passive income visa | 2Non-lucrative visa First checked |
≈ USD figures are approximate: daily reference rates from ExchangeRate-API, dated 12 Oct 2026, refreshed when the site is updated.
Official sources
Portugal D7 passive income visa
- Residence visa for retirees and people living on own income · Portuguese Government (gov.pt / DGACCP) · checked 2026-10-10
- Means of subsistence for long-stay visas (2026 RMMG EUR920) · Ministry of Foreign Affairs (vistos.mne.gov.pt) · checked 2026-10-12
- Residence visa documentation by purpose · Ministry of Foreign Affairs (vistos.mne.gov.pt) · checked 2026-10-12
- Lei n.º 23/2007 (Foreigners Law, REPSAE), consolidated text current to Lei n.º 62/2026 of 10 September 2026 · Procuradoria-Geral Distrital de Lisboa (consolidated legislation) · checked 2026-10-10
- 2026 guaranteed minimum monthly wage (RMMG) EUR920, Decreto-Lei 139/2025 · DGERT · checked 2026-10-10
- National visa fees · Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Portuguese visa portal · checked 2026-10-12
- AIMA table of fees for residence and stay procedures (Portaria 307/2023 as consolidated, in force from 1 March 2026) · Agency for Integration, Migration and Asylum (AIMA) · checked 2026-10-11
- AIMA family reunification, Article 98(2) in Portugal · AIMA · checked 2026-10-10
- Lei n.º 61/2025 of 22 October (amends Law 23/2007, Arts. 98-105) · Diário da República · checked 2026-10-10
- Lei Orgânica n.º 1/2026 of 18 May (amends the Nationality Law, Law 37/81) · Diário da República / Assembleia da República · checked 2026-10-11
Spain Non-lucrative visa
- Non-lucrative residence visa · Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Spain · checked 2026-10-10
- Sheet 6 - Initial authorization of non-lucrative temporary residence · Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration · checked 2026-10-10
- Real Decreto 1155/2024, Regulation of Ley Orgánica 4/2000: consolidated text (in force 20 May 2025) · Boletín Oficial del Estado · checked 2026-10-10
- Monthly and annual values of SMI and IPREM 2026 · Public Employment Service (SEPE) · checked 2026-10-10
- Orden AUC/891/2024 setting the fees for processing visas · Official State Gazette (BOE) · checked 2026-10-11
- Código Civil, Art. 22 (Spanish nationality by residence) · Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado · checked 2026-10-11